Anti-SS-B (La) antibodies are autoantibodies that target the La/SS-B phosphoprotein, which is involved in RNA processing. They are part of the extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) panel and are primarily associated with systemic autoimmune diseases, especially Sjögren’s syndrome. These antibodies are rarely present in the absence of anti-SS-A antibodies.
The test for anti-SS-B antibodies is used to support the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome, particularly when symptoms like dry eyes and dry mouth are present. It can also be found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other connective tissue diseases, although with lower frequency. In pregnant women, anti-SS-B antibodies, like anti-SS-A, can be associated with neonatal lupus, making their detection important for maternal-fetal risk assessment.